The Icelandic runic symbols (and the magic properties they are supposed to hold) have reached us thanks to certain historical sources, like Galdrabók (dating back to the year 1600), though some theories argue that these symbols were used much earlier than that, even by the island’s first Viking inhabitants.
According to tradition, these symbols and their magic powers help solve common issues arising in rural and warmongering societies. Some of their powers are:
- Vegvisir: has the power to guide travellers through storms.
- Kaupaloki: brings good fortune to traders.
- Aegishjálmur: terrorizes an enemy.
- Óttastafur: similar to Aegishjálmur.
- Tóustefna: keeps vermin away.
- Veiðistafur: brings good luck when fishing.
- Þjófastafur: protection from thieves.
The original grimoires (a textbook of magic) where these and other symbols are described can be found today at the Icelandic Museum of Divination and Witchcraft and at the National and University Library of Iceland.
Bjørnland Hird 